Calculation Methods for Steadily Loaded, Off-set Pivot - Engineering Assignment Help

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INTRODUCTION This Item provides charts and calculation methods for the design of uni-directional tilting-pad thrust bearings. The Item may also be used to analyse the performance of existing bearing designs in failure analysis or to investigate the feasibility of uprating their performance. An alternative form of thrust bearing incorporates fixed inclined pads (see Derivation 3). A number of factors may influence the choice between the two forms but discussion of these factors is beyond the scope of this Item. The charts and calculation methods presented in this Item have been derived largely from the established data available for rectangular pad bearings with a transverse line-pivot. However, the use of rectangular pad data for the design and analysis of bearings with sector shaped pads does not lead to errors of practical significance with sector angles up to 45°. The bearings considered are steadily loaded with the load shared equally between the pads but applications with loads and speeds varying slowly may be treated by the method of this Item. The text of this Item is divided into two major parts. The first part of the text (Sections 3, 4 and 5) describes the operation of a tilting-pad thrust bearing, gives guidance on the specification of the design parameters and provides a method for estimating the required dimensions of the bearing. The second part of the text (Sections 6, 7 and 8) provides a method for analysing the performance of a bearing design and gives guidance on modifying the performance and ensuring that the bearing operates with an adequate margin of safety. 3.

DESCRIPTION  -The operation of a hydrodynamic thrust bearing depends, as it does for a journal bearing, upon a viscous lubricant being drawn into a wedge shaped space. A pressure is generated in the tapering lubricant film so balancing the applied load. The main components of a tilting-pad thrust bearing are shown in Sketch 3.1. In such a bearing a number of equal sized, sector shaped pads are mounted individually on radial line-pivots (see Sketch 3.2). Each pad tilts to provide a convergent lubricant film (see Sketch 3.3) and the motion of the runner in the direction of decreasing film thickness draws the lubricant film into the converging taper, thus establishing a hydrodynamic load carrying film. The taper angle of the tilting-pad is self-adjusting so that a wide range of operation is available. The pads are usually made with near “square” proportions (see Section 6.1.2). The pivot should be located in the narrow range between 0.60 and 0.625 of the pad length from the leading edge. This range is recommended as it is a fair compromise for a number of factors including acceptable load capacity, frictional drag and temperature rise. For bi-directional operation, centrally-pivoted pads are frequently employed, but their design is not covered by this Item and the manufacturers should be consulted. Alternatively, fixed inclined pads with a central land could be considered (see Derivation 3). The pads are usually surfaced with a bearing metal such as whitemetal and mate with a plain carbon steel runner. Chromium alloy steel runners can be prone to the “wire-wool” type of failure and are, therefore, not recommended (see Reference 1).

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